Expert Q&A: Greg French — Apollo Optical Systems
Expert Q&A Series

Precision Polymer Optics:
A Practitioner's Perspective

10 in-depth questions on materials, manufacturing innovation, defense applications, and what's driving the next generation of electro-optical systems — with Greg French of Apollo Optical Systems.

Polymer Optics SPDT Injection Molding ADAS & LiDAR Defense & ISR AR/VR Medical Imaging Machine Vision
Greg French
Greg French
Sr. Business Development Manager

25 years in precision manufacturing environments, including 15 years inside precision optics. Greg champions Apollo's value proposition across technical and customer-facing roles in Manufacturing and Sales Engineering.

25+
Years experience
15
Years in optics
30+
Apollo legacy
10
Q&A topics
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Single Point Diamond Turning at Apollo Optical Systems
Single Point Diamond Turning (SPDT) — Apollo Optical Systems precision manufacturing floor
01
Polymer vs. Glass

Apollo has built strong expertise in precision polymer optics. Where do you see polymer optics outperforming traditional glass optics today, and in which applications is this advantage most significant?

Greg French

Polymer optics outperform traditional glass in applications requiring lightweighting, complex geometries, and cost-efficient scalability. Injection molding enables aspheric and freeform surfaces that would be prohibitively expensive in glass. This advantage is most significant in high-volume systems such as automotive sensing (ADAS, LiDAR), medical disposables, and compact imaging systems where weight, cost, and integration are critical.

ADASLiDARMedical disposablesInjection moldingLightweighting
02
Engineer Misconceptions

From your perspective, what are the biggest misconceptions engineers still have when considering polymer optics for high-performance electro-optical systems?

Greg French

A major misconception is that polymers cannot meet high-performance optical requirements. In reality, modern optical polymers can achieve excellent surface quality, transmission, and environmental stability when properly designed. Another misconception is around durability — engineers often underestimate the role that coatings, material selection, and system design have in achieving robust alternatives to glass.

💡
Key insight: Coatings and material selection are as important as the base polymer in achieving durability that rivals glass optics.
Surface qualityTransmissionEnvironmental stabilityCoatings
03
Early Engagement

How early in the design phase should system designers engage with Apollo to fully leverage your capabilities in optical design and manufacturability optimization?

Greg French

System designers should engage Apollo as early as possible — ideally at the concept or architecture phase. Early collaboration enables optimization of optical design for manufacturability, cost, and performance, reducing downstream redesign and accelerating time to market.

Design for manufacturingConcept phaseTime to marketCollaboration
04
Defense & ISR

How does Apollo Optical Systems approach the trade-offs between performance, durability, and cost when developing optical solutions for defense and ISR systems operating in harsh environments (e.g., thermal cycling, vibration, and long-term field deployment)?

Greg French

Apollo balances performance, durability, and cost by combining material science, design optimization, and process control. For harsh environments, we evaluate thermal expansion, coating durability, and mechanical stability — often leveraging hybrid approaches (polymer + coatings) to meet ISR and defense requirements.

ISRThermal cyclingHybrid opticsDefenseVibration
SPDT precision manufacturing
SPDT precision manufacturing — ultra-accurate surface generation for prototypes and complex geometries
Microlens arrays produced by Apollo
Apollo-produced microlens arrays — high-density polymer optics for beam shaping and imaging applications
05
Diamond Turning

Apollo is known for Single Point Diamond Turning (SPDT). In which scenarios does SPDT provide a clear advantage over other manufacturing techniques such as molding or grinding/polishing?

Greg French

Single Point Diamond Turning excels in low-to-mid volume production, prototyping, and highly complex or freeform geometries. It is ideal when ultra-precision surfaces or rapid iteration is required without the upfront tooling costs of molding.

🔬
SPDT advantage: No tooling investment required — perfect for fast iteration cycles and geometries that would be impractical to mold.
SPDTPrototypingFreeform geometryLow-volumeUltra-precision
06
Scaling to Production

How do you ensure tight tolerances and repeatability when scaling from prototype to high-volume production, especially for complex optical geometries?

Greg French

Apollo ensures repeatability through design-for-manufacturing principles, tight process control, and tooling expertise. Transitioning from SPDT prototypes to molded production involves maintaining optical performance intent while optimizing tooling, metrology, and process validation.

MetrologyProcess validationTolerancesHigh-volume production
07
Emerging Applications

Which emerging applications (e.g., AR/VR, autonomous systems, medical imaging, machine vision) are currently driving the most demand for your solutions?

Greg French

Key growth areas include AR/VR optics, autonomous sensing systems, medical imaging, and advanced machine vision. These applications demand compact, lightweight, and cost-effective optical solutions — areas where polymer optics excel.

AR/VRAutonomous systemsMachine visionMedical imaging
08
Key Performance Parameters

For machine vision and electro-optical integrators, what are the key performance parameters they should prioritize when selecting or designing optical components?

Greg French

Integrators should prioritize resolution (MTF), distortion, transmission efficiency, thermal stability, and alignment tolerances. System-level considerations such as integration, packaging, and cost are equally critical.

MTFDistortionThermal stabilityTransmissionAlignment
09
Material Selection

How do you approach material selection (polymer vs. hybrid vs. coated solutions), and what innovations are you seeing in optical materials that could impact future system design?

Greg French

Apollo approaches material selection based on system requirements, balancing optical performance, environmental considerations, and manufacturability. Innovations in optical polymers, coatings, and hybrid materials are expanding the performance envelope, enabling new applications previously dominated by glass.

Hybrid materialsOptical coatingsMaterial scienceFuture applications
10
Advice for Engineers

What advice would you give to engineers designing next-generation electro-optical systems who want to stay ahead in terms of performance, cost, and scalability?

Greg French

Engage manufacturing partners early, design with scalability in mind, and remain open to alternative materials and processes. The most successful systems optimize across performance, cost, and manufacturability — not just peak optical performance.

🎯
Bottom line: The winning formula isn't maximum optical performance in isolation — it's the best balance of performance, cost, and the ability to actually manufacture it at scale.
System designScalabilityManufacturabilityNext-gen EO